Aperiodic electroencephalography (EEG) activity is hypothesized to index biological mechanisms that underpin brain functioning. This longitudinal study characterized the developmental trajectories of the aperiodic slope (i.e., aperiodic exponent) and offset from infancy to 7 years of age in a US community sample (N = 391, 46.5% female, predominantly White; data collection 2013‐2023). The study further examined whether differential developmental trajectories resulted in differential associations between child aperiodic activity and maternal anxiety symptoms. Developmental trajectories for slope and offset were nonlinear and characterized by relative increases in early childhood and a subsequent decrease or stabilization by Age 7, with variation by brain region and sex. Maternal anxiety was negatively associated with slope at 3 years and positively associated with slope at 7 years. Implications for child brain development are discussed.

中文翻译：

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儿童早期至中期非周期性脑电图活动的纵向轨迹

假设非周期性脑电图 （EEG） 活动可以索引支持大脑功能的生物学机制。这项纵向研究表征了美国社区样本中非周期性斜率（即非周期性指数）和从婴儿到 7 岁的偏移量（N = 391,46.5% 女性，主要是白人;数据收集 2013-2023 年）。该研究进一步检查了不同的发育轨迹是否导致儿童非周期性活动与产妇焦虑症状之间的不同关联。斜率和偏移的发育轨迹是非线性的，其特征是儿童早期相对增加，随后到 7 岁时减少或稳定，随大脑区域和性别而变化。产妇焦虑与 3 岁时的斜率呈负相关，7 岁时与斜率呈正相关。讨论了对儿童大脑发育的影响。